糞便中分離出新冠病毒，專家：不必過(guò)度緊張

鐘南山、李蘭娟院士團(tuán)隊(duì)近日分別從新冠肺炎患者的糞便樣本中分離出新型冠狀病毒，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)證實(shí)了排出的糞便中的確存在活病毒，對(duì)于準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)識(shí)疾病的致病傳播機(jī)理，幫助全社會(huì)有針對(duì)性地做好防控，切斷疫情傳播途徑具有重要意義。

2月8日，武漢青山區(qū)紅鋼城街社區(qū)醫(yī)療中心的護(hù)士在隔離病房忙碌。（圖片來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)）

Researchers from multiple organizations, including the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease under Guangzhou Medical University, have successfully isolated a strain of virus from swab sample of an infected patient's feces, said Zhao Jincun, a member of Chinese respiratory expert Zhong Nanshan's research group, at a press conference Thursday.

鐘南山院士團(tuán)隊(duì)專家、呼吸疾病國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室副主任趙金存教授介紹，廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)呼吸疾病國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室等多個(gè)研究機(jī)構(gòu)的研究人員，從一例新冠肺炎患者的糞便拭子標(biāo)本中分離到一株新型冠狀病毒。

The swab sample was provided by the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, said Zhao, also a professor with the laboratory.
該樣本是由珠海中山大學(xué)附屬第五醫(yī)院提供的糞便拭子標(biāo)本。

Meanwhile, a research team led by Li Lanjuan, a renowned Chinese epidemiologist, also isolated novel coronavirus strains from stool specimens of infected patients. Three of the five feces samples tested positive, according to Wu Nanping, deputy director of the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University.
我國(guó)知名病毒學(xué)家李蘭娟院士團(tuán)隊(duì)近日也同樣從患者糞便樣本中分離到病毒。浙江大學(xué)傳染病診治國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室副主任吳南屏教授介紹，研究人員從5份糞便樣本中分離到了3份新型冠狀病毒陽(yáng)性。

趙金存表示，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)證實(shí)了排出的糞便的確存在活病毒，不過(guò)目前還沒(méi)有充分的證據(jù)說(shuō)明存在糞口傳播（fecal-oral transmission）。

國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委新聞發(fā)言人、宣傳司副司長(zhǎng)米鋒表示：

Transmission through means of respiratory and contact remain the major routes of the novel coronavirus spreading. Despite digestive tract problems of some patients, either as incipient symptoms or complications, the main clinical symptoms of the disease are fever, general weakness and dry cough, Mi said, adding that the coronavirus isolated from patients' feces is not yet illustrative to prove the change of the transmission route.
不管患者消化道癥狀是初發(fā)癥狀還是并發(fā)癥狀，發(fā)熱、乏力、干咳仍然是最重要的臨床表現(xiàn)。糞便中分離到病毒并不意味著該病主要傳播途徑發(fā)生變化，仍為呼吸道和接觸傳播為主。

Mi said that stomach and intestine symptoms, such as diarrhea, of some patients in the early stages, the positive test for the coronavirus nucleic acid in feces samples of patients and the isolated virus from patients' feces samples indicate the proliferation of the virus can happen in the digestive tract after infection.
部分病例早期的癥狀中有腹瀉等胃腸道的癥狀，患者糞便的標(biāo)本中核酸檢測(cè)陽(yáng)性或分離到病毒，提示感染新冠病毒后，病毒在消化道內(nèi)也可以增殖。

注意個(gè)人和家庭衛(wèi)生

米鋒表示，戴好口罩和做好手衛(wèi)生（wearing masks and keeping hands clean）是最重要、最有效的防護(hù)措施，堅(jiān)持勤洗手、規(guī)范洗手和手消毒（washing hands more frequently, in the right way and disinfection of hands），可以從根本上減少感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

吳南屏建議：大家注意公共衛(wèi)生，多洗手、吃熟食，食物要洗凈燒透（make sure that food is thoroughly cleaned and well cooked），注意個(gè)人衛(wèi)生及必要的污水處理（sewage treatment）。

趙金存表示，提醒大家要更加重視個(gè)人和家庭的清潔，如便后洗手，注意下水道的通暢（make sure the plumbing system run smoothly），以避免有可能出現(xiàn)的糞便病毒的傳播。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

拭子樣本 swap sample

糞便樣本 stool specimen

糞口傳播 fecal-oral transmission

傳播途徑 transmission route